In the telecommunications sector, wireless industry has proliferated its growth to such an extent that everyone in the world is a user of some form of developing technology. Wireless communications is one of the most celebrated engineering success stories for the past two decades that has radically changed the life of people. This paper provides a very broad technical view of current research ideas in wireless communication field, emphasizing on the most relevant design applications that could be utilized efficiently. A wide coverage in the areas of research like cognitive radios, opportunistic spectrum sensing, Multiple Input Multiple Output(MIMO) relay networks, technical overview for wireless ad hoc networks, research issues in wireless sensor networks and ultra wideband communications(UWB) is summarized in this paper.